Abstract:

Acute severe pancreatitis is the most severe disease in urgent abdominal surgery In these conditions - diagnosis and treatment of this group of patients remains a high priority issue of urgent surgery and intensive care therapy It is extremely important to estimate severity of local changes and general conditions of patient in order to draw up efficient disease management and forecast the outcome of the disease. It can be done by the use of different scoring systems of severity: J.H.C. Ranson, Glasgow (Imrie), SOFA, APACHE I or II, SAPS, MODS and others. Instrumental methods of investigation are used to examine scale and type of disease of pancreas, retroperitoneum and abdominal: laparoscopy, ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging. It is generally recognized that the most informative methods of diagnosis of acute severe pancreatitis and its complications are ultrasound diagnostics and computed tomography In 2008 in Mumbai the Acute Pancreatitis Classification Working Group identified two types of classification - clinical and morphological, the last is based on beam diagnostics. Clinical classification is used during the early stage of disease (within the first week of acute pancreatitis manifestation), morphological classification is applicable to the subsequent stage (usually after the first week of illness). This allows radiologists to describe the «morphology» while clinicians include the results of the examination into the overall clinical picture and draw up the plan of appropriate treatment.

Abstract:

Aim: was to study the diagnostic and prognostic importance of impedance indicators of a kidney parenchyma at acute (ARI) and chronic renal insufficiency (CRI).

Material and methods. Research was performed on the basis of a hemodialysis department. 51 patients were examined during the period from 2009 till 2010. They underewent a monopolar bioimpedance measurement of kidneys under ultrasound control.

Results. Changes of absolute and relative indicators of electric impedance of a kidney parenchyma show morphological violations in organ at acute and chronic renal insufficiency, characterize evidence of compensatory processes and give information on a tissue functional activity. These data are necessary for verification of the diagnosis, prescription of reasonable pharmacotherapy and definition of a pathological process forecast.

Abstract:

Aim: was to assess biophysical parameters of a renal parenchyma at experimental acute and chronic renal insufficiency at rats.

Material and methods. Experiment was carried out on 36 rats of both sexes in mass of 180-250 g. The bioimpedance analysis of a renal parenchyma was carried out in intraoperative way on the 7th day after modeling of acute renal insufficiency and 2 months later after modeling of acute renal insufficiency, using «G. Greven's method». Absolute and relative indicators of electric impedance were investigated.

Results. Chronic renal insufficiency in contrast to the acute renal insufficiency is characterized not only by reduction of absolute indicators of renal parenchyma electric impedance, but also by change of relative indicators. Apparently, relative indicators of the bioimpedance analysis reflect change of the renal parenchyma functional status and absolute peculiarities of its morphological structure.

Conclusion. The analysis of results of a bioimpedansometriya in separate zones of a kidney, showed that in a normal kidney the electric impedance in various parts of body is non-uniform, however at renal insufficiency indicators of an impedance are leveled. This phenomenon is necessary for checking in clinical researches and, in case of confirmation of experimental results, it can be used as diagnostic criterion at statement of the diagnosis of acute renal insufficiency.

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